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Kuril Islands
The Kuril Islands or Kurile Islands (, , or ; ; Japanese: ), in Russia's Sakhalin Oblast region, form a volcanic archipelago that stretches approximately northeast from Hokkaido, Japan, to Kamchatka, Russia, separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the North Pacific Ocean. There are 56 islands and many minor rocks. It consists of Greater Kuril Ridge and Lesser Kuril Ridge.〔(GSE )〕 The total land area is 〔http://www.sakhalin.ru/Engl/Region/geography.htm〕 and the total population is 19,434.
All of the islands are currently under the Russian jurisdiction. Japan claims the two southernmost large islands (Iturup and Kunashir) as part of its territory, as well as Shikotan and the Habomai islets, which has led to the ongoing Kuril Islands dispute. They are also known in Japan as "Northern Territories".〔(Japan’s Russian Dilemma )〕
== Etymology==
The name ''Kuril'' originates from the autonym of the aboriginal Ainu, the islands' original inhabitants: "kur", meaning man. It may also be related to names for other islands that have traditionally been inhabited by the Ainu people, such as ''Kuyi'' or ''Kuye'' for Sakhalin and ''Kai'' for Hokkaidō. In Japanese, the Kuril Islands are known as the Chishima Islands (Kanji: , literally, ''Thousand Islands Archipelago''), also known as the Kuriru Islands (Katakana: (:kɯᵝɽʲiɽɯᵝ ɽetːoː), literally, ''Kuril Archipelago''). Once the Russians reached the islands in the 18th century they found a pseudo-etymology from Russian ''kurit'' ("курить" - "to smoke") due to the continual fumes and steam above the islands from volcanoes.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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